From cancer to cholesterol - how new TMEM97 antibodies are shaping research - By: Ronald Kresten

Disruptions in TMEM97 regulation are known to known to be a contributory factor in various cancers, in particular breast, ovarian and colorectal tumours. However, until recently there were no antibody suppliers providing TMEM97 antibodies for general research. Now, we at Novus Biologicals have released both a murine and a human antibody specific to the TMEM97 antigen - the first antibody suppliers to do so.

TMEM97, also known as MAC30, is a transmembrane protein widely found in mammalian tissues, which regulates cellular cholesterol levels. Much of what is known about the protein today stems from research conducted by Bartz et al, who recently used RNAi screening to identify and qualify 20 cholesterol-regulating genes. The results have given considerable insight into the way that TMEM97 and other proteins control cell cholesterol levels.

In the study, Bartz devised a combined strategy of gene profiling sterol-depleted cells, and systematic searches of existing literature, to identify likely candidates of cholesterol regulation. He then defined the role of each of these genes via siRNA knockdown testing, using targeted antibodies. These results quantified levels of cellular cholesterol against the rate of LDL (low-density lipoprotein) uptake.

From these experiments, Bartz identified 20 genes which had a functional role in regulating cholesterol homeostasis within the cell. TMEM97 was identified as a target for SREBP (sterol regulatory element binding protein), a transcription factor which is activated in a sterol-depleted environment. This activates TMEM97, which localises to endosome-lysosome compartments, binding to NPC1 (Niemann-Pick C1).

NPC1 regulates the transport of LDL cholesterol from endolysomal compartments to other areas of the cell. Over-expression increases the cholesterol transport rate to the endoplasmic reticulum and plasma membrane. The conclusion was that THEM97 may modify transport of LDL-cholesterol by controlling NPC1 activity.

The addition of THEM97 to our antibody database will be invaluable to researchers. As well as morbid obesity and cardiovascular disease, these antibodies have particular relevance to cancer research.

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The Article is written by novusbio.com/ providing antibody catalogue and antibody suppliers Services. Visit http://www.novusbio.com/ for more information on novusbio.com/Products & Services.

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