Carbon Nanotubes for the Manufacture of a Variety of Medical Devices - By: Allan Michael Taylor

"Carbon nanotubes" (carbon nanotube) in Japan, NEC, researchers in 1991 using electron microscopy of graphite arc spherical carbon molecules produced by the device was found accidentally by a coaxial nanotubes formed by a tubular carbon molecule materials. Divided into single-walled carbon nanotubes and multi-layer carbon nanotubes with two types of tubes. The results show that carbon nanotubes have superior tensile strength, fatigue resistance and good electrical conductivity. In recent years, the United States led the developed countries on carbon nanotubes and new materials for industrial applications a large number of exploratory studies, and found it a good field of medical device applications.
Carbon nanotubes permanent prosthesis

Prosthesis (such as artificial limbs, dentures, etc.) is already very common use of the product. However, the vast majority of implants can only use 10 to 15 years. Since then, patients have to accept the second surgery to replace implants. Spanish National Institute of Medical Technology to develop a kind of two doctoral zirconia as the substrate, coated with carbon nanotubes in a series of new implants, including artificial knee, artificial hip joints, dentures, etc., its long life up to 150 years. In other words, once the implantation of this prosthesis, patients without the need to replace again.

Zirconia ceramic materials is the main variety of artificial ingredients, the drawback is easy to wear. Spain, scientists will use special spraying nanotube coating the surface of counterfeiting in the bio-ceramic is equal to its durable wearing a "corset."

Carbon nanotube biosensor

Currently, many countries are actively developing research institutions can quickly detect the presence of tumor cells in vivo of new biological sensors. There is a biosensor surface topcoat layer of carbon nanotubes, which pre-adsorption of the cancer-specific antibodies, the patient's drop of blood droplets in such a biosensor, the cancer cells quickly and antibody response. Doctors through a special optical instrument can be observed in the response to determine whether the patients for the number of cancer cells and cancer cells. The new carbon nanotube biosensor high sensitivity, can diagnose a variety of early cancer.

Carbon nanotube mesh material

Michigan State University Institute for Advanced Materials has developed a new material neutral carbon nanotube mesh. This mesh material can be integrated circuits connected with the nerve cells can be used to control pain, for example, advanced cancer patients, burns and serious traffic accident victims and other hard to play with conventional analgesic effect in patients with severe pain.

The researchers said the use of carbon nanotubes screen can not only create implantable pain devices and electronic devices, and even nerve cells can detect very weak current issue, so using this new material can also produce the seizures and control muscle contraction some of the new electronic medical devices, such as urinary incontinence in older women and the treatment of Parkinson's disease and other equipment.

Implantable electrode coated carbon nanotubes

Using implanted electrodes send electrical pulses, can cure many nervous system diseases and mental illnesses such as depression, Parkinson's disease, epilepsy and so on. However, the existing multi-implanted electrodes for the metal products, their shorter working life. In order to overcome this challenge, Texas State University researchers conducted in-depth research. They found that the implanted electrode coated with a layer of carbon nanotube material, implanted electrodes have significantly longer working life. The newly developed carbon nanotube film electrodes implanted in the body of experiments on primates have achieved satisfactory results.

Special nozzle coating carbon nanotubes

U.S. scientists have discovered through extensive research, in the market with the existing range of implantable medical devices or surgical products (Ru Xueguanzhijia, catheters, microcapsules, cardiac pacemakers, endoscopy, heart valves, Xuetangjiance instrument, sensor , medical textiles, transport vessel / pumping blood vessels, orthopedic instruments, artificial limbs or prosthetic, diagnostic equipment, etc.) coated with a thin layer of carbon nanotubes in the outer membrane, can significantly improve their performance, and make it more good compatibility with human tissue. However, it is technically difficult. However, the U.S. Sono-Tek's ultrasonic equipment listed company recently developed a new nozzle "Accumist". This product can be sprayed in an instant the carbon nanotube material products in a variety of implantable devices or surgical instruments product surface, and the coating is very tough and hard to fall off. It is lower than conventional spray technology 80% of the carbon nanotube material consumption. This carbon nanotube coating nozzle is the world's first dedicated low-voltage ultrasonic atomic single nozzle, the product has been put into mass production.

Multifunctional carbon nanotubes Line

University of Cincinnati-walled carbon nanotubes are very well-known scholars in the material laboratory. The laboratory using special technology to spin carbon nanotubes into line. This carbon pipeline products in the field of military communications and has extensive civil use.

According to reports, the University of Cincinnati researchers developed carbon nanotubes line only 25 microns in diameter, basically invisible naked eye, it could be processed into biodegradable implantable medical devices, implantable devices to change the existing product failure the trouble must be removed after surgery.

Technology Extension

Carbon nanotubes a "double-edged sword"

Although the carbon nanotubes as a new 21st century material by the EU, the U.S. developed promising, but some Western countries the health sector also made a different opinion - carbon nanotubes are very thin, the naked eye is difficult to identify, experiments show that once it lungs were inadvertently to certain content, such as asbestos fibers, as will be induced lung cancer and other malignant stromal tumors.

Edinburgh University researchers published in 2008, the "natural carbon nanotubes," a report published in the journal, said the experiment confirmed that the mice in the inhalation of gas after a certain amount of carbon nanotubes will eventually become a stromal cell tumor symptoms.

The world's first carbon nanotubes and new materials found in Japan, recently issued a similar warning. The country's Health Ministry officials told the Japanese researchers in carbon nanotubes experiment must pay attention to indoor ventilation, to prevent a large number of inhalation of carbon nanotubes. This shows that the carbon nanotubes as a promising though, uses a wide range of new materials, but it is also a "double-edged sword." How to guard against its potential harm to human body, scientists still to be explored.

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